Poulette (1984) Drawing by César

César Baldaccini, commonly known simply as César, was born on January 1, 1921, in Marseille, , and became one of the leading figures in French contemporary sculpture during the 20th century. Renowned for his innovative use of scrap metal and found objects, César's work spanned a wide range of styles and materials, leaving a significant mark on the art world.

César initially trained as a sculptor at the École des Beaux-Arts in Marseille and later in Paris. His early works were influenced by abstract and surrealist currents, reflecting his fascination with form, volume, and the inherent qualities of materials. In the 1950s, he began experimenting with compression techniques, where he compressed discarded metal objects using a hydraulic press to create dense, geometric sculptures. This method became his signature style and earned him international acclaim.

One of César's most iconic works is the series of "Compressions," which transformed everyday items such as cars, bicycles, and domestic appliances into dense, compacted blocks. These sculptures challenged traditional notions of sculpture by elevating industrial materials into objects of aesthetic contemplation.

In addition to compressions, César explored other themes and techniques throughout his career. He created expansive sculptures using molten metal casting, as seen in his "Expansions" series, where polyurethane foam was used to expand molten metal into organic forms. These sculptures, often monumental in scale, emphasized the fluidity and energy of the materials.

Beyond his sculptural practice, César was involved in various artistic movements and collaborations. He was a founding member of the Nouveaux Réalistes (New Realists) in 1960, a group that included artists such as Yves Klein, Jean Tinguely, and Arman, who sought to blur the boundaries between art and everyday life.

César's artworks are characterized by their dynamic forms, tactile surfaces, and a profound engagement with the industrial age. His ability to transform discarded materials into powerful statements about consumption, waste, and human impact on the environment resonated deeply with audiences worldwide.

Throughout his career, César received numerous awards and honors, including the Grand Prix National de Sculpture in in 1970. His sculptures are prominently displayed in museums, galleries, and public spaces globally, showcasing his enduring influence on contemporary sculpture and his commitment to pushing artistic boundaries until his ing on December 6, 1998.

César Baldaccini's legacy as a pioneering sculptor continues to inspire artists and art enthusiasts alike, emphasizing innovation, material exploration, and the transformative power of art in the modern world.

• Nationality:
• Date of birth : 1921
• Artistic domains: Represented by a Gallery,
• Groups: Artists presented by a gallery

The Artist was highlighted in an article in ArtMajeur Magazine:

César: The Mastermind Behind Compressed Automobiles and Foam Sculptures